Journal: Molecular Pain

Article Title: NMDA Receptor-Dependent Synaptic Depression in Potentiated Synapses of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex of adult Mice

doi: 10.1177/17448069211018045

Figure Lengend Snippet: GluN2C/D-containing NMDA receptors were not involved in synaptic depression after synaptic potentiation. (a) The summarized fEPSP slope plot about the effect of PPDA (GluN2C/D-selective NMDA receptors antagonist, 10 µM) on synaptic depression after potentiation (n = 9 slices/8 mice). (b) Statistical results showed that significant difference was observed between TBS and LFS by comparisons of the last 10 min fEPSP slopes in presence of PPDA (TBS: 130.48 ± 2.80% of the baseline; LFS: 102.98 ± 6.17%). ** p <0.01, paired t -test, compared with TBS. (c) The averaged fEPSP slope plot about the effect of UBP145 (GluN2D-selective NMDA receptors antagonist, 3 µM) on synaptic depression after potentiation (n = 14 slices/11 mice). (d) Statistical results showed that the averaged fEPSP slope after TBS was higher than that of LFS (TBS: 123.94 ± 1.77%; LFS: 114.43 ± 3.56% of the baseline; * p <0.05, paired t -test, compared with TBS). Error bars indicated SEM.

Article Snippet: Selective competitive NMDA receptor antagonist AP-5 (Cat. No. HB0225) and GluN2D-selective NMDA receptor antagonist UBP145 (Cat. No. HB4717) were purchased from HelloBio (Princeton, NJ, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Basic and Clinical Neuroscience

Article Title: Reduction of the Morphine Maintenance by Blockade of the NMDA Receptors during Extinction Period in Conditioned Place Preference Paradigm of Rats

doi: 10.15412/J.BCN.03070407

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of ICV injection of (A) saline or different doses of AP5 (NMDA receptor antagonist) (B) 1 mM (C) 5 mM, and (D) 25 mM/5 μL saline into the lateral ventricle on the maintenance and reinstatement of morphine in conditioned place preference paradigm. Animals received saline or AP5 during the extinction period (free morphine period). In the reinstatement day, animals received only priming dose of morphine (1 mg/kg; SC). Data are presented as mean±SEM for 6–7 rats. *P<0.05, ** P<0.01, and *** P<0.001 different from the pretest day. † P<0.05, †† P<0.01, and ††† P<0.001 different from the posttest day. +P<0.05, ++ P<0.01, and +++ P<0.001 different from the reinstatement day.

Article Snippet: Additionally, systemic injection of the potent NMDA receptor antagonist (CPP) with low dose does not impair extinction memory in a self-administration paradigm ( Kelamangalath, Swant, Stramiello, & Wagner, 2007 ).

Techniques: Injection, Saline, Conditioned Place Preference

Journal: Basic and Clinical Neuroscience

Article Title: Reduction of the Morphine Maintenance by Blockade of the NMDA Receptors during Extinction Period in Conditioned Place Preference Paradigm of Rats

doi: 10.15412/J.BCN.03070407

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of single dose injection of NMDA receptor antagonist (before extinction period) on the maintenance and reinstatement of morphine rewarding properties in conditioned place preference paradigm. Animals received a single injection of AP5(25 mM/5 μL saline; ICV) just after postconditioning CPP test. In this set of experiment, animals did not receive any drug (AP5) or saline/morphine during the extinction or reinstatement days. Data are presented as mean±SEM for 8 rats. **P<0.01 and *** P<0.001 different from the pretest day. †P<0.05 and ††† P<0.001 different from the posttest day. +P<0.05 and +++ P<0.001 different from the reinstatement day.

Article Snippet: Additionally, systemic injection of the potent NMDA receptor antagonist (CPP) with low dose does not impair extinction memory in a self-administration paradigm ( Kelamangalath, Swant, Stramiello, & Wagner, 2007 ).

Techniques: Injection, Conditioned Place Preference, Saline

Journal: Basic and Clinical Neuroscience

Article Title: Reduction of the Morphine Maintenance by Blockade of the NMDA Receptors during Extinction Period in Conditioned Place Preference Paradigm of Rats

doi: 10.15412/J.BCN.03070407

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of single dose injection of NMDA receptor antagonist on the reinstatement of morphine in conditioned place preference paradigm. Animals received a single injection of AP5(5 mM/5 μl saline; ICV) just prior to administration of priming dose of morphine (1 mg/kg; SC) in reinstatement day. Data are presented as mean±SEM for 8 rats. *P<0.05, ** P<0.01, and *** P<0.001 different from the pretest day. †P<0.05, †† P<0.01, and ††† P<0.001 different from the posttest day.

Article Snippet: Additionally, systemic injection of the potent NMDA receptor antagonist (CPP) with low dose does not impair extinction memory in a self-administration paradigm ( Kelamangalath, Swant, Stramiello, & Wagner, 2007 ).

Techniques: Injection, Conditioned Place Preference, Saline

Journal: Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

Article Title: Novel NMDA Receptor Modulators: An Update

doi: 10.1517/13543776.2012.728587

Figure Lengend Snippet: (Top) Schematic representation of the linear amino acid sequence that encodes each subunit. ATD is the amino terminal domain. The S1 and S2 domains fold together to form the ligand binding domain (LBD). M1 through M4 form the transmembrane domain (TMD); M1, M3 and M4 are transmembrane helices and M2 is a re-entrant loop. (Left) Ribbon diagram of homology modeled GluN1-GluN2A NMDA receptor (generated using PyMOL Molecular Graphics System, Version 1.2r3pre, Schrödinger, LLC). The GluN1 subunits are depicted in yellow and the GluN2A subunits are in green. Known modulatory regions are circled and labeled. (Right) Single subunits of GluN1-GluN2 receptor describing the domain architecture. The S1 region of the LBD is in blue and the S2 region is in red.

Article Snippet: One company, Auspex Pharmaceuticals, has focused on enhancing the pharmacokinetic properties of known NMDA receptor antagonists by incorporating deuterium in place of hydrogen.

Techniques: Sequencing, Ligand Binding Assay, Generated, Labeling

Journal: Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

Article Title: Novel NMDA Receptor Modulators: An Update

doi: 10.1517/13543776.2012.728587

Figure Lengend Snippet: Potentiation of NMDA-Evoked Current

Article Snippet: One company, Auspex Pharmaceuticals, has focused on enhancing the pharmacokinetic properties of known NMDA receptor antagonists by incorporating deuterium in place of hydrogen.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Psychopharmacology

Article Title: Memantine treatment does not affect compulsive behavior or frontostriatal connectivity in an adolescent rat model for quinpirole-induced compulsive checking behavior

doi: 10.1007/s00213-022-06139-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Functional and structural connectivity in the frontostriatal system before and after saline/memantine treatment in control and compulsive rats. Bar graphs of functional connectivity (Fisher’s Z-transformed correlation coefficient) ( A ) and structural connectivity (median fractional anisotropy (FA)) ( B ) of intra- and interhemispheric connections within the frontostriatal system before (red) and after (blue) 7 days of daily saline/memantine treatment (control + saline: n = 8; control + memantine: n = 6; compulsive + saline: n = 7; compulsive + memantine: n = 7). Structural connectivity between the left and right frontal cortex could not be determined because of unreliable tractography results. Error bars represent 1.5 times the interquartile range and dots represent values that exceed 1.5 times the interquartile range

Article Snippet: Rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine (20 mg/kg/day (Sekar et al. ), Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, Germany) (compulsive + memantine group: n = 8, control + memantine group: n = 8) or saline (compulsive + saline group: n = 8, control + saline group: n = 8) for seven consecutive days, starting the day after the 10th quinpirole or saline injection.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Saline, Control, Transformation Assay

Journal: Psychopharmacology

Article Title: Memantine treatment does not affect compulsive behavior or frontostriatal connectivity in an adolescent rat model for quinpirole-induced compulsive checking behavior

doi: 10.1007/s00213-022-06139-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Measures of compulsive checking behavior and body weight, before, and after saline/memantine treatment in control and compulsive rats. Compulsive behavior measures (frequency of checking (number of visits at the home base per minute (observed during 15 min for compulsive rats, and during 30 min for controls)), length of checks (average time (s) spent at the home base), recurrence time of checking (average time (s) before returning to the home base), stops before returning to the home base (average number of zones visited in between two visits of the home base)), entropy (predictability of the visited zones), and body weight (g), before (red), and after (blue) 7 days of daily saline/memantine treatment (control + saline: n = 8; control + memantine: n = 6; compulsive + saline: n = 7; compulsive + memantine: n = 7). Error bars represent 1.5 times the interquartile range, and dots represent values that exceeded 1.5 times the interquartile range

Article Snippet: Rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine (20 mg/kg/day (Sekar et al. ), Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, Germany) (compulsive + memantine group: n = 8, control + memantine group: n = 8) or saline (compulsive + saline group: n = 8, control + saline group: n = 8) for seven consecutive days, starting the day after the 10th quinpirole or saline injection.

Techniques: Saline, Control

Journal: Psychopharmacology

Article Title: Memantine treatment does not affect compulsive behavior or frontostriatal connectivity in an adolescent rat model for quinpirole-induced compulsive checking behavior

doi: 10.1007/s00213-022-06139-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Brain activation directly after memantine/saline injection in control and compulsive rats. Brain activation maps, overlaid on anatomical images, show positive BOLD activation responses in yellow/red (z > 3.1) and negative responses in blue (z < − 3.1) ( A ). The normalized BOLD signal intensity (SI) time course is shown as averaged time series for the regions-of-interest, with the arrow indicating the time of memantine/saline injection ( B ). BOLD responses to memantine or saline injection quantified as area under the curve (AUC) (relative positive BOLD SI change per second) ( C ). Control + saline: n = 4; control + memantine: n = 12; compulsive + saline: n = 4; compulsive + memantine: n = 12. *Corrected p < 0.05. Shades in B represent the standard error. Error bars in C represent the standard deviation

Article Snippet: Rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine (20 mg/kg/day (Sekar et al. ), Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, Germany) (compulsive + memantine group: n = 8, control + memantine group: n = 8) or saline (compulsive + saline group: n = 8, control + saline group: n = 8) for seven consecutive days, starting the day after the 10th quinpirole or saline injection.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Saline, Injection, Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: Psychopharmacology

Article Title: Memantine treatment does not affect compulsive behavior or frontostriatal connectivity in an adolescent rat model for quinpirole-induced compulsive checking behavior

doi: 10.1007/s00213-022-06139-z

Figure Lengend Snippet: Brain activation directly after memantine injection following a single-quinpirole injection. Brain activation maps, overlaid on anatomical images, show positive BOLD activation responses in yellow/red (z > 3.1) and negative responses in blue (z < − 3.1) ( A ). The normalized BOLD signal intensity (SI) time-course is shown as averaged time series for the regions-of-interest, with the arrow indicating the time of memantine injection ( B ). BOLD responses to memantine injection quantified as area under the curve (AUC) (relative positive BOLD SI change per second) ( C ). Acute quinpirole + memantine: n = 8. Shades in B represent the standard error. Error bars in C represent the standard deviation

Article Snippet: Rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine (20 mg/kg/day (Sekar et al. ), Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, Germany) (compulsive + memantine group: n = 8, control + memantine group: n = 8) or saline (compulsive + saline group: n = 8, control + saline group: n = 8) for seven consecutive days, starting the day after the 10th quinpirole or saline injection.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Injection, Standard Deviation